Patient receives vaccine. Only 27% of health workers in Africa have been fully vaccinated against Covid-19, leaving the bulk of the workforce on the front lines unprotected, a preliminary analysis by the World Health Organization shows. Picture: Ayanda Ndamane/AFrican News Agency (ANA)
Cape Town – Only 27% of health workers in Africa have been fully vaccinated against Covid-19, leaving the bulk of the workforce on the front lines unprotected, a preliminary analysis by the World Health Organization (WHO) shows.
Analysis of data reported from 25 countries has found that since March 2021, 1.3 million health workers have been fully vaccinated, with just six countries reaching more than 90%. Nine countries have fully vaccinated less than 40%. In sharp contrast, a recent WHO global study of 22 mostly high-income countries reported that more than 80% of their health and care workers were fully vaccinated.
“The majority of Africa’s health workers are still missing out on vaccines and remain dangerously exposed to severe Covid-19 infection. Unless our doctors, nurses and other front-line workers get full protection, we risk a blowback in the efforts to curb this disease. We must ensure our health facilities are safe working environments,” said Dr Matshidiso Moeti, WHO regional director for Africa.
It is important to have high vaccine coverage among health workers not only for their own protection, but also for their patients and to ensure health-care systems keep operating during a time of extreme need.
Africa’s shortage of health workers is acute and profound, with only one country in the region having the required health workers (10.9 per 1,000 population) to deliver essential health services. Sixteen countries in the region have less than one health worker per 1,000 population. Any loss of these essential workers to Covid-19 due to illness or death therefore heavily impacts on service provision capacity.
Based on data reported to WHO by countries in the African region, since March 2020 there have been more than 150,400 Covid-19 infections in health workers, accounting for 2.5% of all confirmed cases and 2.6% of the total health workforce in the region. Five countries account for about 70% of all the Covid-19 infections reported in health workers: Algeria, Ghana, Kenya, South Africa and Zimbabwe.
After almost four months of a sustained decline, Covid-19 cases in the general population in Africa have plateaued. For the first time since the third wave peak in August, cases in southern Africa have increased, jumping 48% in the week ending on November 21 compared with the previous week.
The risk of health worker infection rises whenever cases surge. This is a pattern that has been observed during the previous three waves of the pandemic. With a fourth wave likely to hit after the end-of-year travel season, health workers will again face risks amid low vaccination coverage.
To date, more than 227 million vaccine doses have been administered in Africa. In 39 countries which provided data, 3.9 million doses have been given to health workers.
“With a new surge in cases looming over Africa following the end-of-year festive season, countries must urgently speed up the roll-out of vaccines to health-care workers,” said Moeti.
Vaccine shipments have been on the rise over the past three months. Africa has received 330 million doses from the Covax facility, the African Vaccine Acquisition Task Team and bilateral agreements since February 2021. Of these, 83% have been delivered since August alone. As vaccine supply picks up, addressing uptake bottlenecks and accelerating roll-out become more critical.
All countries in Africa have prioritised health workers in their vaccination plans. The low coverage is likely due to the availability of vaccination services, especially in rural areas, as well as vaccine hesitancy. Recent studies found that only around 40% of health workers intended to receive a Covid-19 vaccine in Ghana and less than 50% in Ethiopia. Concerns over vaccine safety and the adverse side effects of the vaccines have been identified as the main reasons for their hesitancy. Health workers are key sources of information for the general population and their attitudes can influence vaccine uptake.
“The Covid-19 vaccine stands among humanity’s extraordinary scientific feats. In Africa, we’re gradually overcoming supply constraints. Now is not the time to stumble over vaccine mistrust,” said Moeti.
Supporting national efforts to drive up health worker vaccination, WHO is co-ordinating training and dialogue on vaccine safety and efficacy to help address doubts or misconceptions around the Covid-19 vaccine, as well as advocating open and honest communication about the benefits and side effects of vaccination.
African News Agency (ANA)